TO STUDY THE HOSTOPATHOLOGICAL PATTERN OF BRONCHIAL BIOPSIES TAKEN IN PATIENTS SUSPECTED OF BRONCHOGENIC CARCINOMA

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To determine the histopathological pattern of bronchial biopsies taken in patients in whom bronchogenic carcinoma was suspected on the basis of clinical and radiological findings.
STUDY DESIGN:
All patients above 15 years with clinical/and/or radiological findings suggestive of bronchogenic carcinoma were included from January 2007 to December 2008.
SETTING:
This is a descriptive study conducted in Pulmonology department PGMI/LRH Peshawar receiving patients from the same departments and other wards of the hospital.
METHODS:
With overnight fasting, local anesthetic (Xylocaine 2%) was used intra-nasally. Bronchial biopsies were taken by expert bronchoscopist (3 – biopsies) fixed with formalin and sent for histopathology to the same lab.
RESULTS:
Out of total 423 bronchoscopies performed during two years were analyzed, among them 134 underwent bronchial biopsies for suspected bronchogenic carcinoma. Males were 90 (67%) and 44 (33%) were female patients, smokers were 60/134 (45%) and 74 (55%) were non smokers. There was no female smoker. Malignancy was confirmed in 60/134 (45%). The histopathological types were Squamous Cell Carcinoma 22 (37%), Adenocarcinoma 20 (33%), Small Cell Carcinoma 14 (23%), Large Cell Carcinoma 03 (05%) and Adenosquamous variety only 01 case (<2%). In 74 (55 %) patients, where malignancy was not confirmed the histology report showed chronic non specific inflammation in 38 (29%), chronic granulomatous inflammation 18 (13%), benign bronchial mucosa in 06 (04%) and non-diagnostic biopsy in 04 (03%). Acute pyogenic infection, necrotic material, dysplasia (in situ ca) each was found in 02 cases (<02%) and one case was lymphocytic infiltration (01 %).