Diagnostic Approach for Undiagnosed Pleural Effusion

Abstract

Pleural effusions occur as a result of increased fluid formation and/or reduced fluid reabsorption. The precise pathophysiology of fluid accumulation varies according to underlying pathologies. As the Differential diagnosis for a pleural effusion is wide, a systematic approach to investigation is necessary. The objective is to establish an early diagnosis and facilitating treatment with minimum invasive intervention. More than 50 local and systemic causes of pleural effusion have been recognized.