Pulmonary Embolism amongst Trauma and Orthopedic Patients: A retrospective study to determine their incidence and Outcome
Keywords:
Pulmonary Embolism, VTE, CT-PA, DVTAbstract
Background: Venous thromboembolic (VTE) diseases include a wide spectrum of conditions, including pulmonary embolism (PE) and deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Despite the lack of definitive research results about the overall frequency of VTE in the population, a recent study suggested that its incidence is between 1-5 per1,000. Furthermore, in patients undergoing surgery, the risk of VTE might surpass 50% in the absence of thromboprophylaxis. Objective: To determine the outcomes and incidence of pulmonary embolism among orthopedic and trauma patients. Methodology: The current study was retrospective study carried out from January 2020 to December 2020 at the Department of Pulmonology and Orthopedic, Bacha Khan Medical Complex and MTI Mardan Medical Complex. The participants were selected after six months of hospitalization and exhibited clinical signs indicative of PE. Patients undergoing elective total knee or hip arthroplasty (THA) received mechanical VTE prevention and alternative anti-embolism measures. A multivariable logistic regression model was applied to simulate fatality after PE and the Wald test was used to evaluate statistical significance. Results: In our study a total of 8980 patients were enrolled of which 5560 patients were for elective orthopedic procedures and 3420 were admitted due to trauma. Additionally, (Computed Tomography Pulmonary Angiogram) CT-PA was advised for 290 suspected to have PE. However, only 60 (0.66 %) patients tested positive for PE through CT-PA. 43 (71.66 %) of the patients underwent TP. It was more common (56.66 %) among both lungs, followed by 26.66 % in the right lung. Conclusion: The effectiveness of the treatment plans used in the current research emphasizes how crucial it is to put based on evidence management methods into practice to reduce the mortality and morbidity linked to complications from ventilator-associated pneumonia.References
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