Antioxidant Enzymes and Melatonin Levels in Patients with Bronchial Asthma and Use of Corticosteroids: A Systematic Review

Authors

  • Ayesha Jamil Department of Pharmacology, Khyber Girls Medical College, Peshawar – Pakistan
  • Munazza Khan Department of Physiology, Saidu Medical College, Swat - Pakistan
  • Amjad Mustafa Department of Pharmacology, KMU-IMS, Kohat - Pakistan
  • Sajid Khan Department of Biochemistry, Sardar Begum Dental College, Gandhara University, Peshawar - Pakistan
  • Shafiq Ahmad Department of Pharmacology, KMU Institute of Dental Sciences, Kohat - Pakistan
  • Shahnaz Fatima Department of Pharmacology, Sahara Medical College, Narowal - Pakistan

Keywords:

Asthma, Inflammation, Corticosteroids, Oxidative Stress

Abstract

Background   The chronic inflammatory disorder known as Bronchial asthma is characterized by airway hyperresponsiveness, which leads to oxidative stress due to an imbalance between reactive oxidative species (ROS) and antioxidant defenses. Antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx), along with melatonin, play essential roles in counteracting oxidative damage. Corticosteroid treatment for asthma remained unexplored. Objective: This systemic review aims to evaluate the effect of corticosteroids on antioxidant enzyme activity and melatonin levels in asthmatic patients. Methodology: Following the PRISMA guidelines, studies that were published between 2017-2021 were included, and data was retrieved from PubMed, Google Scholar, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science. The inclusion criteria focused on the human study that measured the antioxidative levels and melatonin in asthma patients taking corticosteroid therapy. Results: Fifteen studies met the inclusion criteria The findings consistently showed a significant reduction in SOD, CAT, and GPx levels in asthma patients undergoing corticosteroid therapy, with prolonged use exacerbating oxidative stress.  The melatonin levels decrease with moderate to high corticosteroids using further compounding oxidative damage. studies involving melatonin supplementation suggest improved antioxidant stress, suggesting its protective role against corticosteroid-induced oxidative stress. Conclusion: Corticosteroids, while essential in controlling asthma-related inflammation, negatively affect the defense system, contributing to oxidative stress. Supplementation of melatonin shows promise in mitigating this oxidative damage, potentially enhancing the effect of asthma management. Further research is needed to explore optimal therapeutic strategies that balance inflammation control and oxidative stress mitigation in asthma patients receiving corticosteroids.

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Published

2022-09-02

How to Cite

Jamil, A., Khan, M., Mustafa, A., Khan, S., Ahmad, S., & Fatima, S. (2022). Antioxidant Enzymes and Melatonin Levels in Patients with Bronchial Asthma and Use of Corticosteroids: A Systematic Review. Pakistan Journal of Chest Medicine, 28(3), 386–394. Retrieved from https://www.pjcm.net/index.php/pjcm/article/view/873

Issue

Vol. 28 No. 3 (2022)

Section

Review Article

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Copyright (c) 2022 Pakistan Journal of Chest Medicine

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